Fashion previewing projection apparatus



March 20, 1951 A. D. sco'r'r 2,545,575

FASHION PREVIEWING PROJECTION APPARATUS Filed Oct. 22, 1949 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 li Hi! 1] INVENTOR.

March 20, 1951 sco 2,545,675

I FASHION PREVIEWING PROJECTION APPARATUS Filed Oct. 22, 1949 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 1 N V EN TOR. 4877/02 Q 6:077

Patented Mar. 20, 1951 FASHION PREVIEWING PROJECTION APPARATUS Arthur D. Scott, Pacific Palisades, Calif., assignor to Magic Mirror Beauty Salons, Inc., Los Angeles, Calif.

Application October 22, 1949, Serial No. 122,981

9 Claims.

My invention relates generally to fashion previewing, and more particularly, to apparatus for viewing the effect of various coifiures and custom-made clothing on the appearance of a particular person, so as to aid his or her selection before the individualized Work is authorized.

A particular application in which my invention is especially advantageous is in the art of creating individual hair styles or coiffures, wherein as can be readily understood, choice and taste are paramount factors in producing a successful and pleasing result. Other uses are also apparent, as in the creating of custom millinery, where it may be desirable to show the appearance of a hat relative to the facial features of the purchaser before the article has been made.

It is therefore a major object of my invention to provide a viewing instrument whereby a subject image is combined with a pictorial representation of a coiffure or clothing to produce a view or picture of the subject as he or she would appear dressed in such fashion.

Another object of my invention is to provide a viewing instrument whereby the salesperson or hairdresser can select those fashions which he thinks most appropriate and test them relative to the subject before showing the combined image to the subject.

A further object of my invention is to provide a viewing instrument which produces a photograph of such combined images should the patron desire a permanent record.

Yet another object of my invention is to provide a viewing instrument which may be easily adjusted to properly align and focus the subject image in the field of view.

Still another object of my invention is to provide a relatively inexpensive viewing instrument of rugged and simple construction.

These and other objects and advantages of my invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of my preferred and modified apparatus, and from an inspection of the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a preferred form of my apparatus showing a subject viewing her resulting image on the device;

Figure 2 is a vertical cross-section of the preferred form of my apparatus taken alOllg the longitudinal center line thereof;

' Figure 3 is a vertical cross-section of a modified form of my apparatus taken along the longitudinal center line thereof;

Figure 4 is a partial cross-section of a slide frame taken along the line 44 of Figure 3; and

Figure 5 is a front elevation of a slide having a coiffure reproduced thereon.

In describing my apparatus, I have hereinafter illustrated a specific embodiment that is especially useful in the art of creating coifiures. I wish it to be understood, however, that considerable modification can be made without departing from the scope of my invention. By changes such as in the size and shape of the apparatus, my invention can be used in many other arts of a related nature.

Referring now to the drawings and particularly to Figure 1 thereof, the numeral Ii} indicates generally the housing in which my apparatus is contained. A person or subject II is positioned in front of the housing ID and a reduced image I2 of her face appears on the front of the housing. The image I2 is modified by the addition of a particular coiffure I3 which is represented on a transparent plate or slide superimposed on the image and properly aligned with her facial outline. The subject II, therefore, views a simulated image which represents her appearance upon the creation of the particular coiffure I 3. In order to prevent interference and overlapping of the actual hair of the subject I I with the coifiure [3, she may be provided with a net or mask I4 which fits tightly around her head and binds her hair inwardly. As can also be understood, many different representations of coiifures I3 are supplied for use with the apparatus, thereby allowing the subject II a large selection from which to choose the most appropriate.

The housing I0 in which my apparatus is contained is a generally rectangular box-like structure having a horizontal base I6 supported on a suitable stand or pedestal IT as is best seen in Figure 2. The pedestal I! is adjustable vertically and positions the housing Iii at a height above the floor corresponding to the height of the particular subject I I who is comfortably seated during the operation. The housing It may then be brought into proper alignment with any subject II.

Extending upwardly from the base It are Vertical side walls I8, a vertical front wall I9 of equal height, and a short vertical rear wall 29. All of the walls IS, IS and 28 are joined rigidly together along their edges and may be formed of a single sheet of metal. A horizontal top member 2I joins the front wall It and the side Walls I8, extending approximately to the center of the latter so as to form a closed rectangular front portion. In the front wall I9 is an upper 3 viewing screen and beneath it is a lens as will hereinafter be described. Both the screen 3|] and the lens 3| are in the view of the subject H, and the axis of lens 3| is aligned with the face of the subject.

The upper rear corner of the housing Ill is removed, and an angularly disposed rear wall 22 extends upwardly and forwardly from the vertical rear wall 21] to join with the side walls l8 and with a short vertical overhang 23, dropped downwardly from the top member 2|. Thus, the housing It is a completely closed structure which is light-proof and of simple and rugged construction. The angled wall 22 supports a test screen 32 similar to the viewing screen 351 for the purpose of checking the alignment and focus of the apparatus, and to allow the operator a private opportunity to test various coiffures I3 and select those appropriate and possible. As may be understood, not every coiffure can be fashioned with the hair of a particular woman. Therefore, it is advantageous that the operator be given first selection so that he may select those c'oifiures both proper. and possible.

Above the screen 32 is an angular hood 33. as is shown in the preferred form. The hood 33 is of generally inverted U-shape, having its upper wall fastened to the top member 2 and its side walls fastened to the side walls It in a light-proof joint. The rear of the hood. 33 is open so that the operator may View the screen. 32, and as is apparent, the intensity of the. image of. the screen 32 will be increased by. the elimination of the ambient room lighting. If desired, the hood 33 may. be formed as an integral. part of the housing H], beingmerelyan extensionof theside walls It and top.2.|:.

Considering theopticalorimage-forming system of the apparatus, it willbe remembered that the lens 3| is positioned. on the front wall l9 so. as to be in alignment with and. perpendicular to the face of. the subject The lens 3| is a, positive, or converging lens ofv conventional designv andis recessedslightly behind thewalll by an annular supporting ring tiwhich is removably fastened to the Wall L9. A circular aperture 36 iscut in the wall l9; in frontof the lens 3|, and light rays from the. subject H, shown diagrammat c y ure pa s through t e e s. a are converged inwardly,

Directly behind the lens. 3! is a deflecting means, such as surface reflectingplanemirror 31 which is pivotally mounted about a horizontal axis at 38, perpendicular to the axis of the, lens 3|. Themirror 31- is movable from a horizontal position, shown in dotted outline in Figure 2, to a position wherein the plane of the, mirror is positioned at with respect to the horizontal. Toallow such movement of the mirror 3], a simple form of construction is used in the illustrated apparatus. A dowel or rodis slotted and fastened-to the lower. edge of the mirror 31 and lies along the horizontal axis 33. The ends of the dowel 38.are journaled inthe side walls It; and the mirror 31 is thus rotatably held.

On the upper edge of ,the mirror 3'! is a similar dowel 39 which extends outwardly to-pass through the side walls l8.- In theside walls iii are arouate grooves All in whichthe dowel39'is free to travel, but is restrained slightly by frictional engagement therewith. Thegrooves dilcover an arc of 45 and thus allow the mirror to be positioned in itstwo previously mentioned positions. The outer endsofthedowel 39 extend beyond the ide. Wall d l e e s ha l to co t e movement of the mirror 3'5. When the mirror 31 is moved to its upper position, as is shown in Figures 1 and 2, the frictional engagement of the dowel 39 with the grooves 30 holds the mirror firmly in position.

As is apparent, when the mirror 37 is lowered to its horizontal position, the light rays entering the lens 3| do not strike the mirror but continue rearwardly. Near the back of the housing i8 is a second deflecting means, such as a reflecting mirror 4| which directs the light rays upwardly onto the screen 32. The mirror il is a plane surface which is held perpendicular to the axis of the lens 3| at an angle of 30 with the horizontal. Supporting the mirror ti is a vertical bracket 42 which is rigidly fastened to the mirror at its upper end, and is slidably secured to the housing base Hi at its lower end. The base it is longitudinally slotted at 43 and extending downwardly through the slot is a threaded extension of the bracket t2 which engages a clamping nut 44. Longitudinal movement of the mirror 4| increases or decreases the distance traveled by the light rays in reaching the screen and in operation the mirror is moved along the slot until a proper focus is obtained on the screen 32. The clamping nutd i is then. tightened to hold the mirror Ql in position.

The screen is a plain translucent sheet held in place on the wall 22, and is a, diffusion screen such as ground glass or other types well-known in the art. As with the mirror fit, the screen 32 makes an angle 01339" with respectv to the horizontal, but its slope is reversed and the screen extends. upwardly and forwardly while the: mirrow extends upwardly and rearwardly. Because of the. angular relationshipbetween the screen 32 and mirror M, the path: of all light rays leaving the lens SI and; reflectingfrom the mirror to the screen is equal to the path that would be traveled by the rays should they be brought to focus on a vertical; screen held in the rear of thelhousing, as isindicated in a om lines. Mb. The inverted rays striking the mirror ii are reinverted upon their upward reflection and an image l 20. formedon thescreen 32 is a real image in an upright position.

When the mirror 3? is moved upwardly to its alternate position at an angle of 45 with the horizontal, light rays entering the lens 35 are reflected upwardly. A third surface reflecting mirror 56 is held inthetop of the housing by a vertical bracket 55 depending from the top mernber 2|. The mirror 50 makes an angle of 45 with thehorizontal, and has the reverse slope of the mirror 3?, extending upwardly and forwardly while the latter extends upwardly and rearwardly. The two mirrors 5? andtdtherefore reinvert the light rays and-direct them forwardly on the screen positioned vertically in'the'front wall is. The bracket 5i supporting the mirror 5t is similar to the bracket 52-, and an upward projection which extendsthroug'n alongitudinalslot 52. in the top 2|,to engage a clamping nut 53. Longitudinal movement 0fthe bracket 5i changes the lengthof the path traveled bythe light rays refiected upwardly from the mirror andthus enables the operator'tobring the image if! into sharp focus on the screen at. The screen 353 is similar to the screen 3!, being preferably a ground glass plate, and tneirnageizl which is formed thereon is areal image visible to the subject The operation of the apparatuswill now be briefly considered, In; Figure 5- is seen; a trans:

parent. The natural highlights are thus reproduced and the appearance of the coiffure I3 is very lifelike. It is, of course, understood that there are a great variety of plates 55 supplied for use with the apparatus, and each has thereon an artistic reproduction of a coiffure I3. It has been found by tests that the facial width of most subjects is approximately the same. and consequently the coiifures I3 simulate quite closely the appearance of an actual coiffure. Furthermore, the coiffures 13 can be graduated in sizes and shapes if this is found desirable, and those corresponding to the facial dimensions of the particular subject II are then used.

After seating the subject II and securing the net I4 around her head, the operator adjusts the illumination on the face of the subject by conventional means such as spotlight (not shown), and then moves to the rear of the housing Ii]. He lowers the mirror 3? to the horizontal position and views the image I2a on the screen 32, adjusting for proper focus by the knob 44. Selecting from a file of plates 55, he selects those coiifures I3 which are possible choices, and superimposes the plates '55 on the screen 32, bringing the line of the coiffure I 3 in corresponding alignment with facial outline of the image iza. After selecting the most appropriate coiffure I3, the operator raises the mirror 3'! to its upper position and the image 52 is thrown on the screen 39-. At this point, it should be noted that the image I2 and the image me are identical in size. The position of the mirrors 3'5, H and 5t, and screens 3i! and 32 is such that the light rays entering the lens 3| travel equal distances in reaching either of the screens. Having therefore selected the plates 55 which are proper, the operator now takes the selected plates 55 to the front screen 30 where he superimposes them on the image I2. Should it be necessary to focus, he controls the movement of the mirror 50 by the knob 53. As is best seen in Figure 1, the combined images I2 and I3 viewed by the subject II is a pictorial representation of her appearance after the creation of the particular coiifure. By the use of my method and apparatus, it can therefore be understood that satisfaction is obtained in the selection of coiffures without the necessity of any wasteful or expensive testing. Furthermore, it can be understood that the procedure as described may be used for pre-selection of millinery or other fashions with only minor modifications.

In Figures 3 and 4, I have shown a modified form of my apparatus in which a photograph is produced in place of a transitory image. This apparatus may be especially desirable under some conditions, as for example, when the subject II wishes to consult with friends or relatives before authorizing the work. The apparatus is generally similar to the preferred form previously described, with the addition of certain camera elements and the elimination of the forward viewing mirror. A housing Illa, comprises a base lBa, a forward wall I9a, side walls IBa, rear wall 20a, top member 2Ia, and angled wall 22a. The housing Iila is supported on a pedestal Il'a and maybe aligned with a subject illustrated diagrammatically as Ila.

On the V 6 Recessed in the front wall is a lens 31a and directly behind the lens is a shutter mechanism indicated at 60. A flash bulb BI is positioned on the front wall I Be above the lens 3Ia and cooperates with the shutter through a suitable timing mechanism to illuminate the subject I la.

On the angled wall 22a is a diffusion screen 32apositioned at an angle of 30 with the horizontal,- and directly below it is a surface reflecting plane mirror 62 which is pivotally mounted on a rod 63 along its lower edge.

grooves cut in the side walls la and extends therethrough to serve as handles. When the mirror 62 is lowered to the horizontal position,

light rays entering the lens 3Ia pass rearwardly' over the mirror, and when the latter is raised to an angle of 30 with the horizontal, light rays are reflected upwardly on the screen 32a to form areal image I20.

The rear wall 20a of the housing I Go has a large opening formed therein, and fastened adjacent-- the wall is a framework or track 10 having twosets of parallel vertical grooves II and 12 therein. The rear surface of the framework I0 iscovered, and the rear set of grooves I2 is adapted.

to receive a photographic plate or film I3 in a In conjuction with the:

conventional manner. lens 3m, and the shutter 60, the plate 13 records a photographic image In of the subject I Id. The forward set of vertical grooves II is adapted. to receive an outer slide frame 15, as is seen best in Figure 4, which contains an inner frame I6 holding a transparent plate 55a similar to the plate 55. The inner frame 16 is slidably mounted:

in the frame 15 to move vertically, and the plate.

55 is adapted to move horizontally within the frame 16. Thus, as can be seen, the plate 55a; may be positioned any place within the outer" framework 15, and in the form shown will be held.v

in place by frictional engagement between the: respective frameworks.

- Considering the operation of the apparatus, it

will be seen that if the shutter 60 is opened, and. the mirror 62 is raised, the real image I 20 will. be formed on the screen 32a. The operator then. selects and tests various plates 55a until he finds; several which he considers proper. Each plate: 55a is, of course, mounted in a framework 15 and. is properly aligned with the image I20 by move-- ment of the plate and the inner frame IS in their perpendicular track.

The operator then closes the shutter 60 and sets, it for the proper time of exposure, connecting the flash bulb SI for operation therewith. The photographic plate 13 is inserted in the grooves E2 and the properly aligned frame 15 is inserted in: the grooves II. After the mirror 62 is lowered, the operator exposes the plate 33 through the shutter 60. The resulting image It'd is thusmodified by the additionof the coiifure pictorially represented on the plate 55a. As may beunderstood, the operation is repeated several times until several plates I3 are exposed. When these plates are developed and printed, the subject has a permanent record to examine.

If desired, the modified apparatus shown in Figure 3 may be combined with the preferred apparatus in a single instrument. These and other the detailed construction herein shown, except as .defined in the appended claims.

On the upper edge of the' mirror 62 is a similar rod 64 which travels in.

. a une imiwsedmn Said s Saidv s r ea qr-l ertic -1.

i 1 0.11am. inclu s es; a hou U the front of said housing and inoptie a p men .-.w thh 16% i a d: 1361501!- Q, pro uc a eal-.opt c lz maee tn qi; z -rc ew nascrecn:

mou ed= n he ar i sa d housin fir t' e: flee in nsm un ecl hee o aid h9 c ing to direct -thejimage rays to said first viewing; 2,);

screen and p d c first r t o t m ma e, thereon; a: seco.nd:vi w as reenmq n c iii-the,v front orsaid:housin ,v hes e qalidisian e; from said; lens as said first; so errand visible o to saidlperson; a secondrefl-ecting.means ncunted n the;-fr.ont of said-housing.to directtl eimage rays 3 to. said", second viewing; screen and produce an; erect. optical-image,,identicalwithg said first image; thereon; and". a plurality oi; transparent plates; havingJmagesof .said coifiuresthereon scaleddo said real opticalimages, said :plates being formed tozbe superimposed oneither of saidxscreens and; 0f a size" lesszthan said screens fopvertical and horizontal adjustment to; bring said coifiur, s images tinrregister with that acial outline 0f 1 sai opticalimage.

3. An apparatus for preyiew-ing. the appea ei if: r q e c i r s; On apa t cul r-P62 01 which, includes:. a. housing; a-g pos tive lens: mounted in front of said housing and in optical alignment: with; the head or,v-sa-ichpersonto pro duceia real optical image .therof; a 5 first view' c n cu e a m eearmi a sheus nsi firstzreiiector mounted the rear of said housing duce;a;,rea1;optical image er ifi ewi e, screen and produce an erect real optical image, thereon; a second viewing screen mour ted in the front oi said-housing andvisibleqto said person;

a second refliector in said housing -behind.said; lens, and movable in said image rays; a

third reflectorcooperating with said second reflectorto;direct theimagegrays to said second viewinglscreenandproduce .said; 7 erect real; optical: image v thereon, whereby a plurality of transparent-plates having images oi said coi-iiures thereon may be superimposed-ch eithertoi said screenst01produce a combined imageof said person andsaid; coiffure.

4;; An apparatus; for combining; an; optic l image and a ,pictorial image which-includes; a; housing; a view ng screenm uriisiis iz he r m oiysaiduholls ngg a positive lens mounte the frontiotsaidrhousine on lf i fis-fli eal optieali ima e; pti l: fies is? ans; o. direct n tic l w n s a dfi een and roduce n? upriaht p ical m e; n x z lllmlii pi1W3? parent slideshaving, said pictorial imageg thera onn caled o aidiopticals m sa ndio mcdabeg.

I condsdiii in 1 he: lTi i i. i; i -1 ous n s: esit ree ns:

to and out of 1the. path;of 1 i sa d lens ax s-end angularly disposed vthere to.-

aid, Optic ma e d: roduce: tqmbined imagel 5QAnapparatus for combining an optical: image and a, pictorial image which; includes; a housing; a Viewing screen mounted in said; housing; a. positive lens mounted in the; front of said housing to produce a real optical image; reflecting means to direct the image rays onto, said, screenand produce an upright. optical; image; film holding means in the rear of s aid: housing. on the optical axis of said lens and at the same focal distance from said lens. as said screen, whereby the imagev formed on said; film] is the same size as said screen image; zit-plurality;

of framed slides ,having said pictorial images ad:

justably mounted therein andformed to be sup erimposed on said screen; and brought into, register with said screen imageto create a-cpmbined image and guidemeansadjacent said film holding means to receive said adjusted slides and superimpose said pictorial image onsa-idfilm',

whereby-when said film is -expoesda combined optical and pictorial image is produced.-

6. An apparatus for combining an optical; image; and; a pictorial; image which include pa;

housing; a first d ffusion screen mounted inthe; rear of said housing; a positive-lens-mountedin. theiront of said housingto produce areal optical; image; a reflector to direct theimage rays-onto; said first screen andv produce an; erect optical: image; a second difiusion screen mounted in the front of said housin and; at thesameiocal distance as said first screen; movable reflecting; e n -m u in s i h sin nd-:mo i e-in o the; path of said image rays; to direct;- same-onto; said/second diffusion screen andproduce amerect; optical image equal-in size to'theimage formed 'on aid: fir c en; meta lura f; a sparent: plates-having saidgpictorial images thereon spaled'i tov said real optical images, said plates being; m ll r: an, d; reens-i nd: adapte -to: he; pe secede-theme.a dra iusiedt v.a si mes-@5 1 o r spo d lisn ie tz hez aidi pii ll maece mbi i an; ptica l i .0. ,,.v iehtenrc zhou inei=aan st: 276 .91 un ed: n. e. a 0 aid. o s n and sloping: w rdl ndrorw rd-ly; a. i9 e 's amwn ed rpendic lar r e-i i ai ri iou' ine'i e red ei ae i x sr ifi idi n e l i amen ithc idi cre n r reflectrngnuri ace .-11.'-i therearof said housing.

directbtl e ,image rays onto; said 'firstscreengand produce; an-, erectoptical image; a second, re-,

said second surface and direct said image rays i onto said second; screen to producev an erect 1 tical: a ual s z he ma e-fo edon isaid M irstfscresng: and; a 1 plurality; 0 trans-V parent slides hayin said pictorial images theree on scaled tosaidoptical imagessaidplates being smaller than;said screens and; adapted te ter:-

c v. rliust r oreeisteraidi t ss ima es and aid vpic r a ima s.

ms: or p ev i e p a ance sc nraira ticular pe son wh h:

superimposed on sa d= screens to,register,with uincludes; "a housing; a difiusiqn SQI'QQHgJIi-Oilllilfidg' a naeeiwhich ncludesr in said housing and visible to said person; a positive lens mounted in said housing for producing a real optical image of the head of said person; reflectors mounted in said housing to direct the image rays and produce an erect optical image on said screen; adjustment means for bringing said optical image into sharp focus on said screen; and a plurality of transparent plates having images of said coiffures thereon scaled to said real optical image, said plates being formed to be superimposed on said screen and of a size less than said screen for vertical and horizontal adjustment to bring said coifiure image in register with the facial outline of said optical image.

9. An apparatus for combining an optical image and a pictorial image which includes: a housing, a viewing screen mounted in said housing; a positive lens mounted in the front of said housing to produce a real optical image; reflecting means to direct, the image rays onto said screen and produce an upright optical image; adjustment means for bringing said image into sharp focus on said screen; film holding means in the rear of said housing on the optical axis of said lens and at the same focal distance from said lens as said screen, whereby the image formed on said film is the same size as said screen image; a plurality of framed slides having said pictorial images adjustably mounted therein and formed to be superimposed on said screen and brought into register with said screen image to create a combined image; and guide means adjacent said film holding means to receive said adjusted slides and superimpose said pictorial image on said film, whereby when said film is exposed a combined optical and pictorial image is produced.

ARTHUR D. SCOTT.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,994,543 Stenz et al Mar. 19, 1935 2,015,665 Eitzen Oct. 1, 1935 2,061,378 Henze et a1 Nov. 17, 1936 2,075,198 Henze et al. Mar. 30, 1937 2,105,557 Slack Jan. 18, 1938 

